AI, 5G and data for more efficient and secure transport networks

The digitalisation of transport has entered a fully operational phase. European policies on digital technologies applied to mobility point in a clear direction: using data, automation and intelligent systems to make transport networks more efficient, safer and more sustainable, while overcoming fragmentation between modes, operators and territories.

At the heart of this transformation lies data integration. Advanced traffic management systems, interoperable platforms and common standards enable the real-time coordination of road, rail, maritime and logistics flows. This approach shifts infrastructure management from emergency response to prediction, supporting both static and dynamic planning.

Connected and automated mobility
To support the deployment of automated vehicles, the European Commission is developing a dedicated regulatory framework for their approval. Building on Horizon 2020 and Horizon Europe, the EU supports Connected, Cooperative and Automated Mobility (CCAM) through targeted investments in automated mobility systems and services.

Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) play a central role by enabling information exchange between vehicles and infrastructure, improving safety, traffic flow and travel comfort. Their deployment is also supported through the Connecting Europe Facility.

5G connectivity along European corridors
5G is a key enabler of digital mobility. The European objective is to ensure uninterrupted coverage along major transport corridors by 2025, progressing towards full coverage by 2030. Cross-border pilot projects show how advanced connectivity enables reliable communication between vehicles, infrastructure and networks, supporting automated driving, traffic management and smart logistics.

Artificial intelligence and data-driven decision-making
Artificial intelligence is applied across multiple areas, including automated driving, traffic management, infrastructure planning and logistics. Predictive models support data-driven decisions, optimising investments, services and the use of existing infrastructure.

With the entry into force of the AI Act in 2024, Europe has established a clear framework for the use of AI in high-safety-impact systems, such as autonomous driving and AI-based traffic management. Programmes such as Digital Europe fund testing environments for AI applications in real-world conditions.

Semiconductors, software and technological resilience
The global shortage of semiconductors has highlighted the strategic importance of technological supply chains. Through the European Chips Act, the EU aims to strengthen its industrial autonomy, supporting key sectors including transport and automotive.

At the same time, the transition towards software-defined vehicles requires open and interoperable platforms. European initiatives seek to reduce development costs and time-to-market, fostering a competitive and coordinated ecosystem.

Cloud, edge computing and cybersecurity
The digitalisation of mobility relies on cloud and edge infrastructures capable of securely managing large volumes of data. Europe supports the creation of a federation of cloud and edge computing infrastructures to enable mobility services and data exchange along logistics chains.

As dependence on digital systems increases, cybersecurity becomes a central issue. The NIS and NIS2 Directives strengthen security requirements for critical infrastructure, including transport and logistics.

Digital skills and technology adoption
Digital transformation requires new skills. Through Digital Innovation Hubs and training initiatives, Europe supports operators and companies in adopting digital technologies, offering access to testing, advisory services and skills development.

The digitalisation of transport is not about isolated solutions, but about building an integrated ecosystem in which physical infrastructure, data and governance evolve together. It is within this convergence that transport systems will be able to respond to future urban, industrial and environmental challenges.

Source: https://digital-strategy.ec.europa.eu/en/policies/technologies-digitalisation-transport